Procter Gamble Global Business Services an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

Procter Gamble Global Business Services by Expert Marvelous | 02 Dec 2016 A Time to Make a Change at P&G Need article test on Procter and Gamble Global Business Services point? We will compose a custom article test explicitly for you Continue A portion of the signs and signals experienced by an association which shows that the time has come to roll out an improvement are: encountering fast development or a decrease in development, a decrease in efficiency, a decrease in assets, partner pressures on the board, natural emergencies, sociopolitical effects on the association, ecological disturbance and changes to client desires and conduct. The exceptionally serious worldwide commercial center where Procter and Gamble works is compelling the organization to persistently accomplish more with less. Headways in innovation, the pace of rivalry, globalization, the need to control cost and the expanded productivity combined with the expanding client desires imply that the association needs to advance and recover so as to endure. This is even more significant in such a case that business needs to know anything about the future, it is that it will be not quite the same as the present. Whatever is, will change. It is highly unlikely to stay away from it. Be that as it may, it very well may be overseen. The unavoidable changes in the association will take P&G to a more elevated level, and will carry them to new roads opened up for development, despite the undeniably unlimited worldwide market that the idea of the purchaser merchandise business is barbarously made to endure. Imparting Change to Employees Inside the famous administration writing, John Kotter (1996) has advanced an eight-phase model on the best way to effectively oversee change. This is entirely material to the circumstance in P (2) making a dream; (3) conveying the vision; (4) shaping an incredible alliance; (5) enabling others to act; (6) arranging transient successes; (7) combining change and (8) standardizing new methodologies. He contends that change chiefs ought to convey their vision in a wide range of gatherings again and again on the off chance that they wish to build up a powerful usage system. The topic of what to impart ought to be all data that interrelate representatives in their work so as to educate, to persuade and to decide activity during when the representatives are generally confounded and fearful of the conditions inside the firm. The matter of when to impart ought to be consistently, when there are new improvements in the change that is by all accounts in the extent of worry of the representatives, as they would normally insect to be educated regarding any advancement that the progress is taking. Successful correspondence in the midst of progress encourages smoother change the board. Suggestions One viable procedure to beat expected obstruction is to think past it. The Procter and Gamble the board must take care of the more explicit purposes behind opposition, for example, loss of control or loss of self-viability, to analyze issues all the more precisely and to beat them all the more productively and adequately (Dyer, Dalzell and Olegario, 2004). It should likewise be remembered the setting of the change and spotlight on clarifications other than inpidual obstruction for why change may not be effectively executed. In like manner, senior administration must think past the knowledge that individuals oppose change by moving themselves to think about the job they, as change pioneers may play in making opposition. The unavoidable changes in corporate culture ought to be upheld through patching up inner prize frameworks and acquainting preparing programs all together with improve result direction among representatives. It offered its thorough preparing to possible volunteers during that time similarly that the US Army offers its instructive chances to its own enlisted people. Two incorporation programs are viewed as valuable for these sorts of changes: preparing and improvement and fortification. Preparing and advancement, as any choice that would be reached would definitely realize change inside the organization. Fortification is vital likewise, in which the staff will turn out to be so used to the progressions that the inclination to oppose it blurs as they will undoubtedly at last follow such approaches in the event that they are to remain in the association and add to its proceeded with development. WORK CITED Dyer, D., Dalzell, F. and Olegario, R. (2004). Rising Tide: Lessons from 165 Years of Brand Building at Procter and Gamble. Massachusetts: Harvard Business School Publishing. Kotter, J. (1996) Leading Change. Harvard: Harvard Business School Press.

Communications Professional Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Interchanges Professional Interview - Essay Example of obligations incorporate arranging, usage and coordination of correspondence; (3) to pick up information from the executive’s encounters (scholastic, proficient, other pertinent aspects) and from skills and capabilities that viably fit this position; (4) to increase proper information on the obligations, capacities and duties of the central correspondence official of the picked association; (5) to talk about the diverse correspondence moves toward that the official has attempted and discovered effective or non-fruitful; and (6) to increase excellent exercises from the data created both from the official and from outer sources on the picked association regarding authoritative correspondence and advertising, its degree and significance. To conform to the necessities, the chose association was recognized as the Methodist University Hospital which is situated in Memphis, Tennessee. The correspondences official who was met in the process was Christopher Jenkins, the Communications Manager. Memphis, Tennessee. The concise chronicled outline of the association and relevant subtleties was sourced from its official site at: http://www.methodisthealth.org/areas/methodist-college medical clinic. It was therefore unveiled that the emergency clinic is recognized as the â€Å"major scholarly grounds for the University of Tennessee Health Science Center† (Methodist University Hospital: Home, 2011, p. 1). It brags of a 661-bed limit and is purportedly viewed as one of the biggest and most thorough wellbeing establishments inside the Methodist Healthcare framework (Methodist University Hospital, 2011). The association allegedly offer administrations that go from scholarly guidance in the field of medication and human services to the University of Tennessee Health Science Center; just as far reaching clinical administrations offered in its different foundations, for example, the Brain and Spine Institute, the Transplant Institute, benefits in Diagnostics and

Sociological Imagination Essay Example For Students

Sociological Imagination Essay In this time of the millenium, the American masses, even while amidst the most drawn out financial blast throughout the entire existence of the Republic, is stood up to with some significant issues. Any haphazardly picked gathering of individuals solicited to list the most perilous from these, would incorporate among their quick answers: The Drug Problem. By the Drug Problem, do they mean the expansion in our networks of all illegal, mind-set changing, genuinely risky medications? Or on the other hand do they truly mean the going with issues purchased on by these banished substances: wrongdoing and the danger of wrongdoing, savagery, ailment, the developing number of clients on open government assistance, the loss of efficiency to the countrys business, the clog of the court framework, the congestion of our corrective organizations, the redirection of our assessment dollars from increasingly profitable regions, the debasement of our law implementation offices, and legitimately and by implication the disintegration of our social equality? Since I am binding this paper to talking about the laws restricting pot use, I will surrender that it fits the initial two classes above; for example it is by law, illegal, and by its tendency, mind-set adjusting. With the third classification we enter upon unsteady ground. There is no logical proof that the delayed utilization of pot demands a more prominent physical cost for the client than the identical maltreatment of nicotine or liquor. Under the name Extract of Cannabis, maryjane was once broadly utilized therapeutically in the United States, and still has minor restorative uses in different nations. There is just a single animal varieties Cannabis Sativa which yields both an intense medication and a solid fiber since quite a while ago utilized in the production of fine cloth just as canvas and rope. The seeds are esteemed as birdseed and the oil, which takes after linseed oil, is important in light of the fact that paints made with it dry rapidly. A Chinese treatise on pharmacology asserts to date from 2737 B. C. contains what is normally refered to as the primary reference to maryjane. Since the commencement of man in pretty much every culture the notice of this substance is discovered utilized both as a fiber and a medication. The principal unmistakable notice of the pot plant in the New World, dates from 1545 A.D. at the point when the Spaniards brought it into Chile. The Jamestown pioneers carried the plant to Virginia and developed it for its fiber. In 1762 Virginia granted bounties for hemp culture and forced punishments on the individuals who didn't deliver it. George Washington was developing hemp at Mount Vernon three years after the fact apparently for its fiber, however it has been contended that Washington was additionally worried in expanding the restorative or inebriating intensity of his maryjane plants. The contention relies upon an inquisitive custom, which might be sound that the quality or amount of cannabis gum (hashish) is improved if the male and female are isolated before the females are pollinated. There can be no uncertainty that Washington isolated the guys from the females. Two sections in his journal gracefully the proof. May 12-13, 1765: Sewed hemp at sloppy opening by swamp August 7, 1765 - started to isolate (sic) the male from the female hemp at do-rather past the point of no return. George Andrews has contended in the Book of Grass (1967): a collection of Indian hemp that Washingtons August 7 journal passage obviously demonstrates that he was developing the plant for restorative purposes just as for its fiber. He may have isolated the guys from the females to show signs of improvement fiber, Andrews yields however his expression rather past the point of no return proposes that he needed to finish the division before the female plants were prepared and this was a work on identifying with medicate power as opposed to fiber culture Brecher, Edward M. what's more, the Editors of Consumer Reports Licit and Illicit Drugs first ed. Mount Vernon, New York: Consumers Union, 1972 A Report On Johannes Kepler W/Laws Essay Leah intrudes on my musings. She asks me the time. I advise her to purchase a watch, anticipating that her should return to work. She at that point requests me to hear her out paper. She peruses me the paper and we start to go off on extraordinary digressions of her perceptions (she is doing likewise paper). While chuckling insanely we understand where we are. Back to .

Ramses II’s Victory Free Essays

The triumph of Ramses II over the Khita’s was presumably probably the best story of Egyptian scholarly takes a shot at war that had endure a great many years to pass on to us, the current age, the hidden facts on how the hundreds of years past ages of Egyptians had respected their Pharaohs: as a pioneer, a warrior, a general, and a man-god. WAR The sonnet begins with the ruler of Khita, together with his huge armed forces and chariots, laid in sit tight for a trap on the Egyptian Pharaoh. He had his armed forces isolate into two gatherings, the main started an unexpected assault on the Legion of Hormakhu, south of Kadesh, and effectively obliterated the Egyptian militaries in that town who were not anticipating such an assault (Halshall, 1998). We will compose a custom paper test on Ramses II’s Victory or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now After being educated regarding the catastrophe that happened to his soldiers, Ramses II immediately prepared himself for war, wearing his weapons and protective layers, and running on his lofty ponies. Be that as it may, soon he wound up in the center of the Hittite armed force; totally encompassed and alone, in an outlandish fight between 2,500 chariots against one (Halshall, 1998). Due maybe to his inevitable thrashing and articulate powerlessness, the Pharaoh-god called upon his perished father for help. Listing the numerous heavenly landmarks, sanctuaries, altars, and conciliatory contributions he had made for the magnificence of the expired previous god/Pharaoh Ammon, his dad (Poem of Pentaur, 2003). What's more, see! Ammon had heard his cry from the sanctuary of Hermonthis and had desired his dearest child for help. With quality as the sun-god Ra, and arms as solid as a huge number of men, Ammon discovered beauty in Ramses II’s valor and boldness, and considered Ramses II to utilize Ammon’s god-quality in vanquishing the Hittites. Furthermore, when Ramses II, alone aside from his charioteer, Menna, at long last ambushed the 2,500 in number foe, the whole Khita a rmed force, together with their ruler, were staggered, solidified with dread, unfit to employ their blade and lance, for Ramses II battled with the soul of a divine being. What's more, when the day had happened, Egypt’s Pharaoh had the option to kill every single armed force of the Khita. Nobody had the option to get away from alive, each and everybody was fell by the Pharaoh. Propagandistic Element The Battle of Kadesh, as composed by the old Egyptian specialists during Ramses’ rule, was a writing made for propagandistic reason. Maybe the ruler’s point, other than for the citizens’ declaration of their conviction of the Pharaoh as a divine being man, was likewise to utilize this as a mental instrument on different countries against arranging an intrusion against Egypt. These kinds of adventures of Egypt’s Pharaohs being engraved on the dividers of sanctuaries further enhance the impact of strength and interminability of the leaders of Egypt, by making it as a landmark for all countries to see. Such is the situation in one of the dividers (Fig. 1. 1) where Egyptian chariotry is occupied with a fight between Hittite infantry, when in reality dependent on realities, it had been Hittites’ convention to do fight utilizing chariots (Battle of Kadesh, 2003). In this way, utilizing legislative issues in stating control and compliance over the people, just as in fighting, leaders of old realms frequently depended on overstated writing on war-triumphs as a methods in accomplishing these. In the cutting edge history, we have seen comparative propagandistic techniques utilized by governments, normally with regards to its motivation in announcing war: Hitler’s Arian race philosophy, Marx’s and Lenin’s Russian Proletariat Revolution, the Atomic bombarding of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Vietnam War, Desert Storm, etc. Quite often, the aphorism that goes, the victors compose history, is fitting. The most effective method to refer to Ramses II’s Victory, Papers

The civil war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The common war - Essay Example At that point the South utilized slave work as a method of creation. The development of the cotton gin made cotton cultivating increasingly gainful, making the South progressively dependent on slave work and in this manner further drawing a wedge among itself and the North. The North then again step by step made a forsakenness on horticulture and the wide open due to the Industrial Revolution. Manufacturing plant work turned out to be increasingly well known as New York, New Haven and Boston rose as industrialized urban areas and subsequently prompting mercantilism in the North’s economy. This economy was vigorously dependent on the delivery business and was progressively different, ethnically. This prodded mechanical headways and rise of new thoughts, onwards. Protected show At the hour of the Revolution, two camps had developed: those for the government; and those for the privileges of the state. The US government had likewise been sorted out under the Articles of Confederat ion, after the American Revolution. As political and legitimate issues emerged, the shortcoming of this kind of government constrained pioneers to gather at the Constitutional Convention to furtively make the US Constitution. This advancement delivered solid resistance from defenders of state rights like Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson, since they were missing in the gathering. Thomas Jefferson and his gathering felt that the new constitution sabotaged the privilege of the state to act autonomously, yet states ought to have the rights of choosing the acknowledgment of certain government demonstrations. This advancement prompted invalidation, a legitimate arrangement whereby states would need to pronounce government acts illegal. The government denied these states these rights. Different defenders like John Calhoun battled perseveringly for invalidation. At the point when the commotion for invalidation fizzled, a few states felt that they were affronted, and moved towards withdraw al. This further made the fracture between the North and South (Tindall and Shi, 72). Protected trade offs Slavery as an establishment was dug in America and its constitution, along these lines realizing basic issues to the nineteenth century US. Spates of bargains were made in the US Congress to fight off these issues, to hold the Union together, however every compromise4 realized various issues. Free work versus slave work While free work exclusively relied upon the will or assent of the captive to work, slave work constrained the captive to work. Notwithstanding the obligation that slave proprietor would assume control over the slave, there would be no assurance that the slave would work for him in free work settlement. For slave work, there would be no explanation behind the slave not to work aside from ailment. Inability to work would promptly welcome correctional estimates, for example, whipping and even demise. The main choices for one giving slave work would get away and add itionally being liberated. The issue of free work versus slave work additionally took steps to part the South and North in that while the North upheld free work, the South bolstered slave work. This dissimilarity prompted the development of Free and Slave states. 1820 Missouri Compromise The ideological contention over servitude between the North and South finished into endeavors at settles. Especially, the Missouri Compromise of 1820 turned into another way the North and Sou

The Forms of Pollutions and Their Causes and Effects - 3850 Words

Research Into the Forms of Pollutions and Their Causes and Effects (Research Proposal Sample) Content: POLLUTION: RESEARCH INTO THE FORMS OF POLLUTIONS AND THEIR CAUSES AND EFFECTS Name of Student Institution Affiliation Table of Contents Introduction..4 Forms of Pollution, Causes, and Effects...4 2.1.Air Pollution....5 2.2.Water Pollution....7 2.3.Land Pollution....10 2.4.Radioactive Pollution....12 2.5.Noise Pollution14 Controls, Regulations, and Sustainability Courses15 Conclusion.17 Figures Figure 1: Air pollution within Chinese factories of Guangdong..7 Figure 2: Water Pollution in Parts of Indonesia and India..9 Figure 3: Forest fires in Australia.....11 Figure: Sewage Release into the soil in Pakistan...11 Figure 5: Nuclear Power Plants in Russia..14 Figure 6: Supersonic Jets....16 Figure 7: United Nations Convention on Pollution at Doha...18 Abstract The rate of pollution has been rising at an unprecedented rate. Mans activities have been responsible for wrecking havoc on the environment with the consequences being high deaths and an imminent unsustainability. Diseases and environmental destruction that have emerged as a result have threatened to render the future of the world uninhabitable. In this paper, I look at the different forms of pollution, their causes, and effects. The primary forms include air contamination, water pollution, radioactive waste, noise pollution, and land pollution. Also, the paper goes forth to look at potential solutions to the challenges and threat posed by pollution. It creates a discussion on the aspect of environmental regulation through national and international bodies, sustainability, and control. The role of the United Nations is brought into context together with its affiliates. Finally, a conclusion is made on the discussion by reinforcing the most preferred changes that are critical. POLLUTION: RESEARCH INTO THE FORMS OF POLLUTIONS AND THEIR CAUSES AND EFFECTS 1. Introduction Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and motorization have exacerbated the issue of environmental contamination. In 2012, about 9 million people succumbed to ailments related to water, air, and land pollution, as per the Global Alliance on Health and Pollution reports. In the same year, World Health Organisation (WHO) revealed in one of its reports that 7 million people died of air pollution-related causes. Air pollution has been behind 24% of the global diseases and 13% of the preventable type of diseases every year. The World Bank Group has been helping the developing nations and other development partners to decrease pollution, put in place proper waste management, improve air and water quality, and support clean-development-expansion-programs for a good living and better economic opportunities. It is significant that too that the international community joins efforts to combat the issue. Nonetheless, it all begins with a better comprehension of what entails pollution and the fi ve primary types of pollution. In this paper, a research report is prepared looking into the causes and effects of air pollution, water contamination, land pollution, noise pollution, and radioactive contamination. It will also look at the issue of control, regulation, and sustainability, and how they are viewed as some of the best strategies available in luring both the private and public sectors into supporting environmental conservation initiatives. 2. Forms of Pollution, Causes and Effects The most common types of pollution are five and include air, water, land, radioactive and noise pollution. Even so, other types of pollution have become relevant in the recent times. A good example is a thermal pollution. This paper analyzes the five top forms of pollution pointing out the causes and effects. 2.1.Air pollution It is the contamination of air both indoors and outdoors. It involves physical, chemical, biological alterations to the air around the atmosphere. Air pollutants have occasioned serious health effects like cardiovascular disorders, asthma, and the fatal lung cancers (UNEP, 2014). The discussion below shows its classification, causes, and impacts. Classification, Causes and Effects It takes place when harmful dust, gasses, or smoke enter the earth's atmosphere making it difficult for animals, plants, and animals to survive. That is, it makes the environment to become unsupportive of biological life. Naturally, sustainable living conditions involve an atmosphere that has a combination of gases in the right quantities in such a way that any imbalance regarding a decrement or increment becomes disastrous (Christidiou Dimitrious, 2015). Environmental experts classify it into outdoor and indoor air pollution as discussed below. Outdoor air pollution It is defined as the release of substances that are severe or air pollutants into the earth's atmosphere. The release is done in amounts that risk the well-being of the biological organisms or interrupt the normal functioning of the environment as a self-sustaining system creating various instances of health damages (Christidiou Dimitrious, 2015). Natural sources of air pollutants entail forest fires, volcanic activity, organic decay, and soil dispersion by the wind into the air. Even so, the primary anthropogenic sources of air pollutants dispersed into the atmosphere consist of human activities. These activities include transportation endeavors (aircrafts, motor vehicles), industrial processes, burning coal and other fossil fuels, and the usage of chemicals in agriculture, or plants like incinerators, power plants, and landfills for disposition of waste (Christidiou Dimitrious, 2015). The primary air pollutants released by human activities include Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Carbon monoxide (CO) produced by the combustion of fossil material and transportation sector. Also, Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from high fossil fuel temperature and electricity creation. Industrial processes like smelting of ores bearing sulphur give out Sulphur Oxides (SOx) (Christidiou Dimitrious, 2015). Then, in the production of color paints, pesticides, cleaning products, pesticides, furniture and building materials, hydrocarbons and VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) are released by the underlining manufacturing processes (Christidiou Dimitrious, 2015). Lastly, toxic ...

The Food Service Position At Missouri State University (...

Before my undergraduate studies, my interest in dietetics began with the culinary side of food, and then grew to a fascination of how nutrition impacts health. This fascination evolved from collecting recipes and looking for peanut allergy alternatives, to transitioning into vegetarianism and experimenting in the kitchen to meet my nutrition needs, and finally watching changes in health impact the nutrition of my parents – my mother after having her gallbladder removed and my father with a diabetes diagnosis. Leading up to and after graduation my interest expanded after taking on several volunteer and work-related roles. At Missouri State University (MSU) this was helping a TRIO supervisor with her questions regarding nutrition and diabetes, and learning transferable skills from tutoring students to reach their academic goals. My current food service position at Lakeland has taught me leadership skills and allowed me to see the full complexity of running a food service establi shment. Through the public health internship, I have found my passion in the wellness position at the YMCA for its engagement with the public and having the opportunity to assist them in reaching their wellness goals. All of these experiences have nodded towards my undergraduate goals of gaining experience to expand my career possibilities and match to a dietetic internship. An example of the leadership skills I have developed at Lakeland, include the opportunity on numerous occasions to train newerShow MoreRelatedProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesManagement, Eighth Edition Cachon and Terwiesch, Matching Supply with Demand: An Introduction to Operations Management, Second Edition Finch, Interactive Models for Operations and Supply Chain Management, First Edition Fitzsimmons and Fitzsimmons, Service Management: Operations, Strategy, Information Technology, Seventh Edition Gehrlein, Operations Management Cases, First Edition Harrison and Samson, Technology Management, First Edition Hayen, SAP R/3 Enterprise Software: An Introduction, First Edition

The Privatization Of Prisons During The United States

The privatization of prisons in America impacts the treatment of prisoners in a negative way. In 2008, there were 1,610,446 people imprisoned in the United States, Seven percent of those are in private prisons. It may seem like a small number, but inmate numbers are rising along with number of private prisons. Many people, since the early 1990s, when the privatization of prisons became popular, have had concerns that these companies would be more worried about profit than the prisoners human rights. Since then, private prisons have only increased in popularity. The original reason private prisons exist are cash strapped states were looking for an alternative to state and federal facilities to incarcerate inmates affordably. It is now a 5 billion industry. Many states pay millions of dollars each year to the private companies. Colorado has the largest number of private prisons in the country. â€Å"The state had not saved money by contracting out minimum security beds, and that more money is actually spent on private medium security beds than would be spent in a publicly operated institution.† (Mason) This study, performed in 2010 in Arizona, showed that they were not saving and were actually spending more money on the private facility than the public. The U.S. General Accounting Office, in 1996, went over five different research studies and came to the conclusion that there was no real evidence that prisons for profit saved the government and the general public money. PrivateShow MoreRelatedPublic Facilities And Private Prisons1116 Words   |  5 Pages Prison is an institution designed to securely to house inmates who have been convicted of crimes. The United States holds the records for having the largest inmate population residing within the walls of the correctional system. The inflation in correctional spending and the largest prison population have impelled lawmakers and the government to look toward the privatization of prisons. Privat ization of prisons is the use of private sector or corporation in financing, constructing, andRead MorePrivate Prisons Are Becoming A Cash Cow For A Lot Of Mega Corporations For Big Business1035 Words   |  5 PagesPrivate prisons are becoming a cash cow for a lot of Mega Corporations for big business. At one time in American penal system operated at dangerous criminal needed to be put under lock and key in order to protect society. Now and days many of our states are trying to save money so that’s why private prisons have been the answer to a lot of these states. We as a country are moving to that direction because it’s easier on states. With public prisons overcrowded the move for states to privatize prisonsRead MoreAmerican Incarceration : Where We Are, And What Can Be Done?1518 Words   |  7 Pagesinception as a necessary aspect of modern society to its broken state that can be seen today, the American penal system has changed radically in recent history from a n institution that performed the duty of safeguarding the public from those too dangerous to be left unsupervised to a business model concerned more with generating a profit for shareholders. With a 500% increase in inmates that is rivalled by no other country, the United States leads the world in imprisoning a fast-growing portion of itsRead MoreThe Prison System Of America1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe â€Å"Prison Industrial Complex† was a term that was used by anti-prison activist within the prison abolishment movement to argue the attendant interest of prison industrialization, and t development of a minority prison labor force (Davis, 2003). This giant prison enterprise is an essential component of the U.S. economy, and has as its purposes such as profit, social control, and an interweaving of private business and government. These giant financial institutions recognized that prison buildingRead MoreAnalysis Of Angela Y Davis s The Black Panther Party1384 Words   |  6 PagesAfter the mass mobilization of the sixties that radically transformed society, a huge pushback as a response to political liberation was the privatization of prisons which allowed corporations to set motives that increase the prison population, and normalize imprisonment as a way to solve social problems. For Instance, the Black Panther Party was a radical organization that challenged the status quo and a major response to pushback the work they were doing was to criminalize their behavior, in orderRead MoreParadigm Shift And The Evolving Corrections Environment Assignment1205 Words   |  5 Pagesfacilities are nothing like they were a long time ago. Foremost, the federal, state and local governments have a monopoly over our criminal justice systems and incarceration. This includes defining crimes, apprehending and prosecuting criminals, and then deciding what to do with the convicts. During imprisonment, government control is downright. Despite variation in the means, met hods, goals and dreams of the many prison reform organizations, most of them out of necessity have a big-government focusRead MoreIncarceration Of The Early European Prisons706 Words   |  3 PagesThe early European prisons were known as workhouses or houses of corrections. Offenders were sent to workhouses to learn discipline and regular work habits. Inmate labor was expected to pay for the facility upkeep and yield a profit. In the 1700’s and 1800’s the workhouses were described as disorderly, inefficient, capricious, and discriminatory. This prison situation led to several reform initiatives (Bohm Haley, 2012). Beginning in the 1700’s prison reformist declared that punishmentRead MorePrison Systems Do Not Control The Number Of Prisoners Sent1286 Words   |  6 PagesMiguel Molina Professor Nikki Drago Crimes in America 26 March 27, 2016 Overcrowding in Prisons The prison systems do not control the number of prisoners sent to jails. However, they have to deal with the consequences of this fact. In the last twenty years, all over the world, it is experienced a rapid increase in the number of prisoners. This growth is not limited to any particular type of jurisdiction or political system - it is observed in all regions of the world. According to the incapacitationRead MoreGlobalization, Privatization, and Militarization: Impacts on Criminal Justice1717 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization, Privatization, and Militarization: Impacts on Criminal Justice INTRODUCTION Over the years, the criminal justice system has seen many changes. These changes have taken place due to the economy, social changes, environmental changes, and even cultural changes. Three items in particular that have affected the criminal justice system world-wide are globalization, privatization, and militarization. This paper will discuss the history of globalization, privatization, militarizationRead MoreCorrectional Facilities in the United States: An Increasing Concern669 Words   |  3 Pages it is necessary to gauge current trends and measures of policy that are designed to account for them. Some of the most salient factors that become clear when one looks at the contemporary state of correctional facilities within the United States are that there are increasingly high numbers of people in prison (approximately 700 inmates for every 100,000 people which puts the total number of inmates in America well over 2 million) (The Sentencing Project, 2003, p. 1), it is costing greater and greater

Mentorship A nurse mentor reflection in clinical practice using Gibbs model Free Essay Example, 2000 words

Mentorship: A nurse mentor reflection in clinical practice using Gibbs model I. Introduction According to Hink (2005), sharing information and insights is very important to pass on the knowledge from the mentor to the learner. In the field of nursing, mentoring is a very important process that enables the nursing community to improve the delivery of its services and promote the well-being of their patients (see Kuhl, 2005). Mentoring does not only benefit the learner or the protà ©gà ©, it is also beneficial to the mentor. According to Benner (2001) novice nurses can benefit from the wisdom and expertise of the expert nurses and in return, the expert nurses can learn from the insights of the novice nurses. By nurturing the novice nurses, the expert nurses also get to rehash their skills and improve themselves in the process (see Kosier et. Al. 2004). A strong feedback mechanism between the mentor and the learner is also very important to facilitate proper transfer of knowledge and skills. As a qualified mental health nurse (RMN) working in a community mental health team and a student mentor who is training to be a mentor, I had the opportunity to work with a learner who is third year nursing student. We will write a custom essay sample on Mentorship: A nurse mentor reflection in clinical practice using Gibbs model or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In evaluating my experience as mentor, I will use Gibbs Model (Gibbs 1988). Gibbs model of reflection covers the following aspects (a) description of the activity, (b) my thoughts about the activity, (c) my feelings about the activity (d) evaluation, (e) analysis, (f) conclusion and, (g) coming up with an action plan (Gibbs 1988). I believe that the Gibbs model is an effective tool for in depth evaluation of my thoughts and feelings about a certain situation. As it is, I will apply the model to this essay to facilitate critical thinking, to document my learning experience and to use my learning experience in coming up with a personal development plan outlining how I can improve my mentoring skills. II. Description of the Event As mentor, I taught my protà ©gà © how to give depot injection. Although she had given insulin injection to patients before when she as yet a first year nursing student, she had not tried giving depot injection to a patient before. Since she has not given this type of injection before, I let the student observe the actual administration of the injection a number of times and asked her to practice on the hospital dummy that we have. After letting my protà ©gà © observe the actual administration of the injection, I told her that she can administer the injection to one of my patients.

Diverse Personal Encounters With Non State Armed Actors

Diverse personal encounters with non-state armed actors animate my research agenda, and I seek to discern the meaning of a picture formed by pieces of a puzzle collected during my years of military service. As a peacekeeper in Kosovo, I witnessed how a random rifle shot could spark a series of reprisals across invisible lines that separated villages. My soldiers and I were almost powerless to stop them. On one hand, our legal mandate prevented our ability to take direct action. One the other, we understood so little about our adversaries we did not fully know which action to take. Subsequent experiences leading soldiers during counterinsurgency efforts in both Iraq and Afghanistan immersed me again in the turmoil created by overlapping networks of non-state armed groups competing for economic, social, and political power. Each incident revealed another piece of the puzzle, but the picture it formed remained unclear. I started to wonder if the pieces actually fit, or if I was p utting them together incorrectly. I intuitively sensed the ascendant role of non-state-armed actors in Kosovo. However, my experiences in Iraq and Afghanistan crystalized in me the desire to explore the broader political and social ramifications of the rising influence of non-state armed groups. I began to ponder the strategic impact of their decisions and actions on the long-term evolution of political institutions. What are the consequences when local political elites try to incorporateShow MoreRelatedThe Niger Delta Struggles: Its Implications for Resource Control.17990 Words   |  72 Pagesbetween local ethnic communities and agents of the Nigerian state and oil companies involved in the extraction and exploitation of oil in the area. What began as community agitation has undoubtedly undergone several transformations. The first involved the flowering of civil society, which mobilized a popular civil struggle. 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The Relationship Between Economic Globalization And Labor...

The relationship between economic globalization and labor market power provides empirical trends in world average and the world equality through structural bargaining power and associated power, thereby allowing workers to achieve convergence across nations (Mahutga). What labor market power does for economic globalization is that it increases the probability of labor internationalism through two models, namely, the structural model and the institutional model. Beverly Sliver, Tamara Kay, Nita Rudra, and Matthew Mahutga provide different theories and data, breaking down the trends of labor power and labor movement on a global scale. The labor movement began during the industrial revolution and exists because of worker-employer relationships and working conditions, thus providing the landscape for labor power (Mahutga). Labor power can be broken down into associational power and structural bargaining power. Mahutga’s Lecture on Globalization and Labor builds on Beverly Sliver s argument on the Forces of Labor and Tamara Kay s argument on Labor Transnationalism and Global Governance about what Labor market power and Labor Transnationalism mean as regards labor on a global scale (Mahutga, Kay). Is it creating better standards for the working and living conditions of workers? Associational power results in collective workers ability to unionize and organize to present one opposing voice. Structural bargaining power results from the workers place in the economic system,Show MoreRelatedEssay about Marxs Theory of Alienation1087 Words   |  5 Pagesset down by those who have power. Alienation in capitalist societies takes place because the worker can only express this basic social aspect of individuality through a production system that is not communally, but privately owned (Marx, 2007). 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Andy Warhol Pop Art Essay Example For Students

Andy Warhol Pop Art Essay Through out the years Andy continued to pursue his artistic abilities and became astoundingly famous for them. More than twenty years after his death, Andy Warhol remains one of the most influential figures in contemporary art and culture. Andy Warhol was known as a leading figure in the visual arts movement and was responsible for making colossal changes to what was commonly known as art. Between 1945 and 1949 Andy attended college at Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon university), verse he earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in Pictorial Design with the goal of becoming a commercial illustrator. After graduation Warhol moved to New York city and began to work for Glamour magazine as a commercial artist. He won numerous awards tort his work and became one of the most successful illustrators of the Coos, Towards the end of the asss he began to devote more of his time to painting. His painting style was derived from his childhood love for comic books, This style quickly became known as Pop Art. 1962 marked the beginning of Whorls celebrity status as he released his ammos Campbell Soup Can series, which completely changed the direction of the art world. Whorls Pop Art became the craze of the asss, people couldnt get enough of it. He began to use this style to do a large sequence of movie stars, including Marilyn Monroe, Elvis Presley and Elizabeth Taylor. Warhol painted his masterpieces in a silver-painted and foil-draped studio named The Factory, located at 231 East 47th street. Next, in 1965 Andy began trying his hand at creating films and videos. By doing this he brought a whole other source of attention to himself from the art critics. The films and videos he created were very different from the Hollywood cinema that he grew up on, They were said to be dark and underground. Warhol made near 600 films and near 2500 videos. Included in this are over 500, 4-minute films that feature friends, associates and visitors to The Factory, all considered to Warhol as possessing star-quality. In 1 968, Andy suffered a nearly fatal gun-shot wound from aspiring playwright and tree radical feminist author, Valerie Salinas. He was attacked in T oronto tooth Factory and it changed his persona forever. Some say this event pushed Andy further towards being a reclusive individual that caused his behavior to become very peculiar. He became obsessive about documenting his life to an extreme degree. He dictated every activity possible. He even hired interns to transcribe the content of what would amount to over 3,000 audio tapes. Portions of these accounts were published posthumously in 1987 as The Warhol Diaries. Moving on, in 1974 Warhol started a series Of Time Capsules: cardboard boxes that he filled vivid his everyday life, including mail, photos, art, clothing and collectibles. He produced over 600 Of them and they are now considered a goldmine that holds a remembrance of his life. During this time he also began to to create sculptures using the packaging Of popular supermarket items such as Brills Pad boxes and labels from Heinz ketchup bottles. These sculptures became yet another prolific fort of Antas peculiar Pop Art. Throughout the rest of the asss, Warhol began to spend a lot of his social time with people such as Jackie Kennedy Ionians, and Truman Capote, both who have been subjects of his art, He started to receive amazing amounts of commissions or painted portraits from wealthy socialites, musicians and film stars. Celebrity portraits developed into a significant aspect of his career became his main source to income. In the early years of the asss, Andy began to dabble in other areas of art such as fashion, music and media. He co-founded Interview magazine, which is still in circulation today; appeared in an episode of The Love Boat: designed Grammar- winning record covers for The Rolling Stones; signed with a modeling agency and even appeared on Saturday Night Live. .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 , .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 .postImageUrl , .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 , .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3:hover , .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3:visited , .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3:active { border:0!important; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3:active , .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3 .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1365a3410b013ea630a109a06652cfb3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Andy Warhol: Influence on the Twentieth Century Pop Art Movement EssayAt this time he also began to create his IANAL painting series titles The Last Supper On February 22, 1987, while in recovery for a routine gall bladder surgery, Andy Warhol died. He was buried in Pittsburgh, but his memorial service Vass held at Manhattans SST. Patriots Cathedral. Plans to create The Andy Warhol Museum were announced in 1989, two years after the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual arts was established. Through the education provided by both of these institutions, Andy Warhol lives on as a fascinating cultural icon and an inspiration to new generations of artists all over the world.

Australian Avocado Shortage Pushes up Prices

Question: Discuss about the Case Study on Avocado Shortage in Australian Market. Answer: Introduction Demand and supply of a product plays an important role in deciding the price of product in the market. Hence, the law of demand and supply is applicable on all commodities that are sold in the market (Raushenbush, 2012). The paper has been developed to discuss the current state of Avocado in the Australian market. In order to conduct the case study, an article has been chosen written by Han (2016). The articles show that the Avocado producers in the Australian market reject the claims of national shortage of the product in the market. Therefore, the paper has been developed to present a case study on current status of Avocado and explain how the rising demand and falling supply may impact the price of Avocado in the Australian market. Furthermore, the paper discusses the main issues related to the shortage of Avocado in the Australian market and how the under supply impacts the price of the product. It can be seen that the aggregate demand for the commodity is rising at a higher pace as compared to the supply due to several weather issues and incidents of forest fire (Raushenbush, 2012). Hence, the paper will analyse the impacts of the incident s on the stakeholders and present the economic concepts related to the shortage of Avocado in the Australian market. Finally, the study presents various recommendations that can be used as alternatives to control the price of the commodity in the market. Description of the issues Han (2016) in the article says that the shortage has occurred in the market due to higher supply during the Christmas that led the price fall in the Australian market (Han, 2016). Hence, the shortage occurred due to the wrong decision of the West Australian producers who shifted more amounts of fruits before Christmas in the previous years by reducing the price. The wrong decisions were taken due to the fear of fall in the aggregate demand in the market. Hence, a high bulk of supply within a certain period led to shortage of supply in the current market scenario. The shortage has occurred due to increase in demand due to fall in the price of the Avocado in the past years. Currently, it can be seen that the demand for Avocado has increased at a tremendous rate that has emerged to be a problem for the Avocado producers (Riggs and Bonk, 2008). The current supply in the market is not enough to meet the growing demands of the consumers. Furthermore, it has been expected by the West Australian producers that the supply will decrease due to unfavourable weather conditions and forest fires that have become major challenges for the Avocado producers in the country (Cai, 2012). Hence, a fall in the supply can be expected in the upcoming years. Currently, the price of Avocado has increased to $7 per piece in the retail market due to growing demand and shortage in the supply. It can be seen that Avocado are sold at a black market price in some retail markets to maintain profitability (Conlon and Mortimer, 2013). Hence, there is a need of necessary economic reforms that will balance the price of Avocado in the market. The government of Australia needs to increase the supply of Avocado by promoting the production and control the price of the product in the market. Impact on stakeholders The shortage of avocado has already fuelled the price pushing up to $4 each in the supermarkets. The smaller retailers are selling avocado at $7 each as the demand has remained intact irrespective of shortage situation (Han, 2016). The retailers, supermarket dealers, farmers and consumers have been highly affected due to the certain shortage and high pricing of the products. Many of the avocado packers, marketers and distributors have expected that the shortage situation may become more complicated by the end of the year unless new supply chain from Queensland area can hit the market. Recent rainfall, weather worries and bushfires have significantly contributed to the price hike of avocado creating a shortage in production (Thompson, 2010). Although some allegations of market manipulation have been raised, the avocado producers of Western Australia have dismissed those claims announcing the issue as a national deficit. Earlier, former chief executives of Avocados Australia, Antony Al len has alleged that the shortage of avocado has been manipulated by the producers as they have sold out products at a lowered pricing to boost sales. In order to defend the allegation, Jannie Franceschi, one of the market controllers of avocado in Western Australia has clarified about the similar volumes placed on the market (Han, 2016). Understandably, in the midst of the shortage of avocado, the wholesale price of each tray has revised to $80 whereas some of the vendors are selling the product at $120 per tray. As the wet weather has played a negative role in the harvesting of avocado, supply woes have not seemed to be decreased until and unless fresh supply chains introduce from Western Australia and Queensland (Han, 2016). Currently, the price hike of the product has raised the tensions of consumers in the Australian market (Mitka, 2010). At the same time, due to the shortage of supply and tremendous price hike of avocado, shops of the Gabba market area have enforced purchasing limit for each of consumers. Hence, a consumer can purchase a maximum of six avocados at $5.49 each in Brisbane market (Han, 2016). Meanwhile, the supply situation may have expected to be resolved before the end of the year as fresh supply chain will hit the market sooner than later. Analysis of economic concepts relevant to shortage of Avocado It can be seen from the article that the demand for avocado has gradually increased in the Australian market. It is the primary reason for the rise in price of the commodity in the current market scenario. Along with that, the price of Avocado varies due to the size and quality of the commodity (Han, 2016). Along with that, it can be seen that the high supply made through the wrong decision of the West Australian producers have gradually increased the demand for Avocado with the fall in the price (Samuelson, 2007). Hence, a diagrammatic explanation is presented herein below: Figure: Growing demand of Avocado Source: (Chintapalli and Hazra, 2015) It can be seen from the above diagram that the demand for Avocado has increased at a high rate in the recent years. Due to the increase in demand the demand curve has shifted rightward from D1 to D2. Furthermore, the control over supply to maintain a proper price has kept the supply curve constant at S1. Hence, it can be seen that the supply has increased due to shift in the demand with a minimum level (Samuelson and Nordhaus, 2009). But, the rise in the demand has impacted the price of the product that has made the price increase from one level to another. Hence, the rise in the demand was the primary factor for the rise in price of Avocado in the Australian market (Lee, Emmett and Park, 2010). A statistical analysis has been presented below for better understanding of the rise in the consumption of Avocado in the Australian market. Figure: Australian Avocado Consumption Source: (Chintapalli and Hazra, 2015) It can be seen from the above figure that the per capita consumption of avocado has increase in the recent years to above 2kg per capita in the year 2014 from 1kg per capita in the year 1997. Hence, a rise in the consumption can be seen in the past years that have continued in the recent years (Samuelson and Nordhaus, 2009). Furthermore, it can be seen that the demand for the product is less than the supply that has led to a shortage in the market. A diagrammatic explanation is presented below for better understanding. Figure: Excess of Demand over Supply leading to Shortage Source: (Chintapalli and Hazra, 2015) It can be seen from the above figure that the green line presents a higher demand for avocado as compared to a lower supply of the product. Hence, a shortage of Avocado can be seen in the market. The shortage of Avocado leads to a rise in the price to match the equilibrium point in the Australian market (Chambers, Echenique and Shmaya, 2011). Hence, the primary impact of shortage of Avocado is the rise in the price that highly impacts the business of Avocado dealers in Australia. Conclusion In the contemporary shortage condition, there is no point in blaming the producers. The shortage situation has been conclusively driven by wet weather and bushfires destroying the significant production volumes. At the same time, the recent pickup in demand of avocado in the Australian market has made the situation worst. Though some of the allegations of market manipulation have been posted, the major marketers have clarified themselves showing clear evidence of the scenario (Pinheiro, 2007). Meanwhile, the fundamental of supply and demand can be evenly applied to this situation contributing to the price hike. As the shortage has restricted the supply, the price has picked up at a considerable pace. Also, due to demand, the product price has surged even more creating issues for the stakeholders as well as marketers. Undoubtedly, the summer avocado shortage in the Australian market has fuelled the pricing to a record high. Notably, if the demand side will be kept rising, the prices can surge a bit higher (Wright, Smith and Wright, 2007). Currently, major marketers and packers of Australian market have believed that such pricing will be sustainable for a long time as new supply chain will hit the market soon. According to the reports, by the end of the year, the pricing of avocado will be back to $2-3 each as the shortage of products will wind up. Recommendations for alternate solutions In order to deal with current deficit situation and rising demand of avocado, the Marketers and Packers of the product must consider every possible resource to control the rising product pricing. Hence, price control measures and resource allocation will be evident. In the underlying section, some recommendations of alternate solutions have been given to control the issues due to the shortage of avocados. Price Control: Due to the shortage situation, price hike of avocado is quite natural as per the fundamentals of demand supply concept. In such scenario, price control measures will be effective so that products cannot be black-marketed at a higher pricing. In this way, a number of issues of purchasing can be resolved to some extent. Fresh Supply Chain: An introduction of the fresh supply chain from the markets of Queensland and Western Australia can be sufficient to put an end to the shortage in supply (Hendricks, Sorensen and Wiseman, 2012). Moreover, import of avocado from New Zealand can somewhat control the shortage contributing to restrict the price hike. Stocking to control shortage: In order to manage deficit situation, stocking of product to a level of extent must be considered following government regulations (King, 2012). The marketers and Australian Avocado Association must look for such facilities to control such shortage situation. Purchasing limit: Meanwhile, in the case of shortage in supply, purchasing limit can be identified one of the most efficient stance to control the demand of the target demographics. The government price controllers must set purchasing limits to each of the buyers so that most of the consumers can purchase the product at a controlled price rate (Karimi and Rahim, 2015). References Cai, W. (2012).Intertemporal pricing, supply chain design, and consumer behavior. Berkeley, CA. Chambers, C., Echenique, F. and Shmaya, E. (2011). Testable Implications of Gross Substitutes in Demand for Two Goods.American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 3(1), pp.129-136. Chintapalli, P. and Hazra, J. (2015). Pricing and inventory management during new product introduction when shortage creates hype.Naval Research Logistics (NRL), 62(4), pp.304-320. Conlon, C. and Mortimer, J. (2013). Demand Estimation Under Incomplete Product Availability.American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 5(4), pp.1-30. Han, E. (2016).Avocado growers reject market manipulation claims amid national shortage. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/retail/avocado-growers-reject-market-manipulation-claims-amid-national-shortage-20160126-gmem47.html [Accessed Sep. 2016]. Hendricks, K., Sorensen, A. and Wiseman, T. (2012). Observational Learning and Demand for Search Goods.American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 4(1), pp.1-31. Karimi, A. and Rahim, K. (2015). Classification of External Stakeholders Pressures in Green Supply Chain Management.Procedia Environmental Sciences, 30, pp.27-32. King, D. (2012).Economics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Lee, H., Emmett, L. and Park, C. (2010).Decision models for a two-stage supply chain planning under uncertainty with time-sensitive shortages and real option approach. Mitka, M. (2010). Price Hikes Probed.JAMA, 303(2), p.125. Pinheiro, M. (2007). Demand shocks and market manipulation.Annals of Finance, 4(3), pp.269-298. Raushenbush, S. (2012).The future of our natural resources. Philadelphia: The Academy. Riggs, T. and Bonk, M. (2008).Everyday finance. Detroit: Gale Cengage Learning. Samuelson, P. (2007).Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University. Samuelson, P. and Nordhaus, W. (2009).Economics. Boston, Ma.: McGraw-Hill. Thompson, C. (2010). Stakeholders in supply chain discuss shortages.American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 68(1), pp.9-10. Wright, C., Smith, M. and Wright, B. (2007). Hidden Costs Associated with Stakeholders in Supply Management.Academy of Management Perspectives, 21(3), pp.64-82.

Essay Topics That You Know the Least About

Essay Topics That You Know the Least AboutDuring your junior year in high school, you can't help but write essays about the topics you know most about. Yet, you may wonder how the topics you know the most about affect your written essays on other topics that you are less familiar with. You might be surprised to find out how the topics you know the least about can change the course of your essay topics and vice versa. In fact, this is a great way to inject some real thought into your written work that will ultimately make you a better writer.The first thing to know about essay topics and you might find surprising is that you don't have to know everything about every topic to write an effective essay. Simply choose one topic and use it as the basis for the rest of your essay topics. If you need examples of good essay topics to start off with, just look at what you know about the topic of your choice and you will be well on your way to composing a truly meaningful essay.Once you have se lected the topic of your essay, then you can begin looking for topics on that topic. This is the easiest part of the process. Simply look for a group of topics that are related to the topic you chose. Choose a few topics that will be more similar to the topic you chose than those you didn't so that you will not end up writing a dull essay.After you have picked a couple of topics that are similar to the topic you chose, then you will need to write a list of topics on which you will study and write an essay on each day. When you get tired, review the list and if necessary, rewrite one or two of the topics.Finally, go to English class, take notes and write an essay on the topic that you have chosen. In order to be successful in this task, you must be able to make connections between the topics you studied and the topics you wrote on in class. You can do this by integrating the topics that you know the most into your essay and the topics that you know the least about into your essay.Alt hough you might not like the first draft of your essay, it is possible to build upon an original idea. In fact, this is a way that some students learn to improve their written English. By writing a few essays about topics they know the least about, they learn how to improve their composition and they develop a skill that is essential to every student's academic career.By simply picking a topic on which you want to practice and writing your own essay on that topic, you will find that you can increase your writing skills significantly. Make a point to focus on the writing you do, and improve. In addition, make a note of the things you learn and apply to other topics.Your main goal when you are writing your essays on the topic of topics you know the least about is to put thought into your essay, improve your skills as a writer and learn. If you can accomplish this, then you have done yourself a great service by writing an essay on a topic that you know the least about and improving you r composition skills.

The creative invention of the Sony Walkman free essay sample

Now a day’s carry music with you is very simple and easy, you just have to download music to your cell phone, Ipod, Mp3, Smartphone, and have some headphones with you, and you can listening some music everywhere. It seems very easy and practicable now, but throwback in time this wasn’t possible; the Sony Walkman, was the first product where you can take music with you, using a cassette and without disturbing others. Who was this creative person? Masuru Ibuka was born in Japan in April 11 of 1908 and died in December 19 of 1997. He co-founded Sony and his friends known him as â€Å"genius inventor†. He had many personality traits that make him the person that he was. He was imaginative, because he came out with the idea of a product that let you to listen music in any activity that you make, the Walkman represented a breakthrough in imagination, also this complements with intuition, he knew that this idea can revolutionized the music industry as how it works. We will write a custom essay sample on The creative invention of the Sony Walkman or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One of the things he loved most was listening to music and traveling, all his passion for music makes that the Walkman became true, thanks to the fact that he take risks, risks for the things that he believe and that he can make them come true; at that time the idea of the Walkman was criticized and named as â€Å"crazy idea† but he don’t let that all that commentaries affect them, and continued with his idea, and convinced Sony to make this innovation. At first was difficult to believe in the Walkman, because people were used big recorders or speakers and carry them everywhere making a big sound, and the idea of a kind of little recorder, where you can put any cassette and use headphones to listen music seems unrealizable comparing with big and heavy recorders, but he continued in the production of the artifact that revolutionized the music industry. One of the things he loved most was listening to music and traveling. but when he travel, walk or do any activity he wanted to hear their music and bring it around, without disturbing others around him, because he said that not everyone liked all the same kind of music, and also wanted to have some privacy with music, because when he heard some music he relaxed more, was happy listening to music. Was one of the things he liked and enjoyed doing. So he started thinking about how he can enjoy his music anytime but without carried every  time a huge recorder, and without listen someone else music, but that was only ideas that came out of his mind at that time. On a sunny morning of 1979, Ibuka was running around a park when suddenly he felt like listening to music. So he took a look around him and saw a lot of people walking, running and bicycling and came out with the idea of a device which people could carry while they are doing all these activities, and that it how he came out with the idea of the Walkman. He extracted the circuit from a tape recording and put a stereo amplifier with headphones; also he requested to the general manager of the Tape Recorder Business Division, begin work on a small tape recorder that Sony had launched in 1977 called the Walkman, his name expressed a man walking with his music. When the Walkman was launching Sony sold millions of units. It allowed getting quality sound, similar to a home computer without being so big and noisy. It changed the music industries and became a symbol of the 80 ´s . Many people, especially young people, where so happy with this invention, that the Walkman became very famous, and sell a lot of units in that time, This is the product that will satisfy those young people who want to listen to music all day. Theyll take it everywhere with them, and they wont care about record functions. If we put a playback-only headphone stereo like this on the market, itll be a hit. . They were so successful that they star to develop new types of Walkman, was the sport Walkman that was special for customers that make sports and the where in different colors; also they created a small cassette so in that way they made walkmans smaller and easier to carry them everywhere. When de CD ´S came out, Sony saw an opportunity to improve his device, and the Discman came out in 1984, where the cassettes were replaced for CD ´S, they continued innovating and include a screen where they can watch videos (Video Walkman), and also make the CD ´s smaller and the Minidisc Walkman was born in 1999. The completion starts when Apple launched the IPod that was a similar device where you can listen music and easier to carried because it size, pretty the same as the Walkman MP3 that was launched at that time. The IPod became a really hard competitor for the fact that it came with the iTunes software that change the entire music industry which at the time was grappling with the digitalization of music with audio files. ITunes was and continue being a media player and media library, developed by Apple, that is use to download songs, videos, from a personal computer and directly injected into the IPod. Now a day’s Sony Company is focus in a variety of products, they have produced TV’s, computers, Play Station, speakers, Smartphone, and a big variety of Walkmans, of different sizes, colors, types. Is a very famous and recognized company because the good quality and long life of all their products. This company is very successful in all his products, thanks to their Walkman invention companies as Apple innovate the original walkman and created a different and innovate product. The IPod has the majority of the market in the industry of music player, thanks to all the innovations that they made like the IPod touch, mini IPod that has access to internet, take photos, video recorder, and games, by just an account in the App store and ITunes. â€Å"By 1995, total production of Walkman units reached 150 million and over 300 different Walkman models have been produced to date.† The Walkman was very successful at that time, by selling millions of units and using by all kind of people at that time. Many commercials came out where they show people doing any type of activity; the first commercial was a ballerina stretches it with the walkman before she starts too practiced. I can say that for 80 ´s and 90 ´s the Walkman revolutionized the music industry, it changes as we know today, where you can hear different songs from your phone, iPod, mp3, walkman, everywhere. I can remember using my purple Discman with my favorites CD ´s in every family trip that I have, in my house before I went to sleep, or in any bored moment, I put my headphones on, and play my music and started to dance, it was fun for me, that’s why I’m very thankful to this invention. We can achieve any dream if we believe it and take risk with them, like Masuru Ibuka because of his invention now we can play music everywhere. Bibliography

Graffiti essays

Graffiti essays Chicano political activists began using graffiti to make statements. Chicanos used graffiti to tell about their history, their family unity, and their bicultural pride. Chicanos also used their graffiti to unify the Chicano community during the Chicano Movement. Eventually this led to architectural decoration, murals to remember the deceased, personal shout-outs and gangs territorial markings. This paper will discuss the elements of graffiti and how it is used today. It is unfortunate that graffiti should be dismissed as mere vandalism on par with tire slashing and window breaking, because for many young people who often exhibit considerable talent, graffiti constitutes an aesthetic discipline. Graffiti has existed in one form or another as long as writing. The earliest known cave paintings, dating from 20,000 years ago, seems to have more in common with modern graffiti than with writing because they were mostly drawings of their surroundings. When Henry Chalfant's documentary film, Style Wars, came out in 1985, graffiti, break dancing and rap music were all seen as elements of hip hop culture. It was in this context that it spread. A Chicago graffiti writer Orko said, We swallowed it as a whole package: breaking, rapping, DJing and graffiti together. We never split them apart." Orko goes so far as to claims that "Graffiti is the center of hip hop. That's why the best MCs were all graffiti writers: KRS-One, Rakim." Graffiti is a vivid and tangible urban artifact, signaling, at the very least, the writer's disrespect for the institution of private property and his/her willingness to take risks. There is a trend, especially in California, toward full-scale productions featuring elaborate scenes and characters, which are easier to appreciate. More often, a writer's mission seems to be able to find an honorable place in the cadre of writers, by writing the tag-name as often, in as many places, and as skillfully ...

Epidemly and biostat Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Epidemly and biostat - Assignment Example The objective is to evaluate one or more new treatments for a disease or condition. Intervention trial therefore involves choosing a sample from the diseased people to investigate there rare disease and undertake a follow up condition. Q2. What statistical method(s) a researcher can use to determine if the mean body mass index of the population is the same for three groups of subjects (group1=diet restriction; group2=exercise; group3=none). (EACH IS TWO POINTS =TOTAL=SIX POINTS) Q3. Ã… ¶ represents the predicted value of y calculated using the equation Ã… ¶ = a + bx. In the formula, SBP = 34 + 0.2 x; where x = value of postnatal age (hours) for the neonates ≠¤ 1,000 grams? What is the value of the intercept (a)? What is the value of the slope (b)? (TWO POINTS) Q5. An equation indicating that systolic blood pressure or SBP = 30 + 0.4x. If the value of x is postnatal age of 20 hours, what is the value for Ã… ¶ or SBP for neonates ≠¤ 1,000 grams? Show your calculations. (TWO POINTS) Population attributable fraction is a statistic used to estimate the proportional reduction in average disease risk over a given time interval that would be achieved by eliminating the exposure of interest from the population while distribution of other risk factors in the population remain constant. This means that 85% of the cases of a disease could be avoided if the factor causally related to increase risk is eliminated and that the distribution of other risk factors remains unchanged. Q9. The death rates from various conditions are often compared across geographic areas. These comparisons are usually based on directly age-standardized mortality rates. Which of the following best describes what is meant by an age-standardized rate created by the direct method? (Choose one best answer and provide rationale). (TWO POINT) Q12. The strength of an association is one of the criteria for

Writing Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Writing Project - Research Paper Example The sport has received immense support globally and is popularly known in Europe as majority of the racings are done within the continent. However, over years, the scope of the sports has evolved as today racing is being held in different countries like United States and other continents. The sports has garnered support among different fans who in most occasions views the racings conducted by renowned sports men through such media devices like televisions which today is available at every corner of the world (Baer, 1995). This paper therefore, examines formula one racing as an aspect of motorsports. Formula one racing has led to major changes in the history of sports racing making the sports to be competitive globally. The idea behind formula one can be traced back to1946 where races concentrating on cars were first brought up and the idea to find the best drivers on the planet initiated. However, this did not come to be immediately until 1950 when the first motorsport race was held. However, after the first motorsports, there were several motorsports championship which were held but they were not given much consideration as there was nothing to be profited from the races conducted. In 1983, the sport was deemed to be unprofitable as drivers were not benefiting from the race leading to shortages on the people who were participating on the race (Baer, 1995). Likewise, most participants in the sports were using their own cars and they solely bore the costs related to the races like vehicle repair and the usual wear and tear. Interestingly, different cars models which were being u sed for racing purposes back then included Alfa Romeo, Ferrari, Meserati and the Mercedes benz (Formula 1Â ®. (n.d.), 2015). Over the years the different car manufactures which were being used in formula one race made technological advancements on their cars. This included new engine and tire types which gave

Project Manager Roles and Responsibilities Essay Example for Free

Project Manager Roles and Responsibilities Essay The Project Manager is the person responsible for developing, in conjunction with the Project Sponsor, a definition of the project. The Project Manager then ensures that the project is delivered on time, to budget and to the required quality standard (within agreed specifications). He/she ensures the project has sufficient resources and manages relationships with a wide range of groups (including all project contributors). The Project Manager is also responsible for managing the work of consultants, allocating and utilizing resources in an efficient manner and maintaining a co-operative, motivated and successful team. Additional responsibilities include: managing and leading the project team,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   recruiting project staff and consultants, managing co-ordination between the partners and working groups engaged in project work, detailed project planning and control. Control would incorporate: Developing and maintaining a detailed project plan. Managing project deliverables in line with the project plan. Maintaining records of and managing project issues. Resolving conflicts at project level. Managing project scope and change control and escalating issues where necessary. Monitoring project progress and performance. Providing status reports to the project sponsor. Managing project training within the defined budget. Liaison with, and updates on progress to, the project steering board/senior management. Managing project evaluation and dissemination activities. Managing consultancy input within the defined budget. Final approval of the design specification. Working closely with users to ensure the project meets business needs. Definition and management of : â€Å"User Acceptance Testing† stage. Identifying user training needs and devising and managing user training programmes. As an illustration of the roles and responsibilities of a Project manager, I am going to use the simple example of changing the wheel of a car with one person in charge (project manager). In the exposition that follows, the steps followed will be under the headlines of the five essential ones outlined in the PMBOK: Initiating The initiating stage in replacing a punctured car-wheel is the process of preparing to replace the wheel. To begin with, the project manager, or whoever is overseeing the operation, ensures that all the tools necessary for the job are available. The tools necessary in this case would comprise the jerk, wheel spanner, the unique key-for some car models, maybe some props such as stones where there is a possibility of the car slipping downhill and finally, labor. Planning   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Once the initiating stage is completed, we move on to the planning stage whereby different strategies are proposed and quickly debated with one being agreed upon. The role of the project manager in this stage is to ensure that everyone is given an opportunity to express their opinions on how best to approach the problem. Then, he/she should harmonize every participant’s views and in cases if the group cannot reach a resolution unanimously, he/she should apply his/her critical thinking abilities and skills in choosing the most reasonable approach that would be most efficient, effective and feasible. The planning would entail deciding which nuts to unscrew first e.g. diagonally, where to place the jerk and the props and where to put the tools and nuts in such a manner as to ensure they don’t get lost or pose a hazard to any of the team members. The Plan will also incorporate delegation of duties amongst the team members i.e. deciding who will place the jerk, who will unscrew the nuts, who will carry the spare wheel, and who will screw the new wheel back. The delegation of duties should be fair such that no member feels exploited or alienated and it is the work of the project manager to study everyone’s character and tell who is suited best for what. The final parts of the plan involve training participants as necessary, scheduling everything, and monitoring progress. Executing or Implementation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After initiating and planning, finally the time comes to put the plan into action. During this stage, the team implements the strategy decided upon with a view to achieving the intended objective. The team removes the bad wheel and replaces it with one that is in good condition. The work of the project manager is to ensure that each participant plays his/ her assigned role and that the operation goes according to plan by correcting any digressions and getting rid of any impediments that might arise in the course of the implementation. Controlling and Monitoring   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As to controlling and monitoring, this entails putting measures in place in anticipation of pitfalls during the process of implementing the plan. Pitfalls to be anticipated might include: some members do not like the roles they are assigned and so they don’t play their roles with the necessary devotion. Also it is possible   that some members might want to sabotage the project for any of a number of reasons or one of the tools gets damaged and cannot be repaired in time for the work at hand. To avoid alienation, the project manager should make every member feel as though they own the project and when it succeeds the glory will be shared and the benefits mutual. In addition, the project manager has the responsibility of ensuring that, if a member were assigned a role he/she does not like, they are free to voice their concerns so that a speedy resolution is sought. The speedy resolution could be training or instruction where a member is assigned work they do not know how to do. Alternatively, members could swap roles to resolve any stalemates. Finally, a backup plan should be in place to cater for unanticipated hitches. Closing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In finishing up, the project manager should ensure the team tightens the nuts to the required extent and remove the jerk and props. He/she should also ensure that any member who sustains any injury should be attended to and all the tools-wheel spanners, jerk, props, key- together with the bad wheel are all returned and checked to ensure they are in good condition, then put in their respective places of storage. BIBLIOGRAPHY K. Bainey, The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), 3rd ed. Project Management Institute, New Jersey, 2004

Songs of Innocence and Experience by William Blake :: essays research papers

Songs of Innocence and Experience. (1794) by William Blake Songs of Innocence Introduction Piping down the valleys wild Piping songs of pleasant glee, On a cloud I saw a child, And he laughing said to me: Pipe a song about a Lamb: So I piped with merry chear. Piper, pipe that song again - So I piped: he wept to hear. Drop thy pipe, thy happy pipe, Sing thy songs of happy chear: So I sung the same again, While he wept with joy to hear. Piper, sit thee down and write In a book that all may read - So he vanish’d from my sight And I pluck’d a hollow reed, And I made a rural pen And I stain’d the water clear And I wrote my happy songs, Every child may joy to hear. The Shepherd How sweet is the Shepherd's sweet lot! From the morn to the evening he strays; He shall follow his sheep all the day And his tongue shall be filled with praise. For he hears the lambs innocent call, And he hears the ewes tender reply. He is watchful while they are in peace, For they know when their Shepherd is nigh. The Ecchoing Green The Sun does arise And make happy the skies, The merry bells ring To welcome the Spring: The skylark and thrush The birds of the bush Sing louder around To the bells' chearful sound, While our sports shall be seen On the Ecchoing Green. Old John with white hair Does laugh away care Sitting under the oak Among the old folk. They laugh at our play, And soon they all say: Such, such were the joys When we all girls & boys In our youth-time were seen On the Ecchoing Green Till the little ones weary No more can be merry, The sun does descend, And our sports have an end: Round the laps of their mothers Many sisters and brothers, Like birds in their nest, Are ready for rest: And sport no more seen On the darkening Green. The Lamb Little Lamb, who made thee? Dost thou know who made thee? Gave thee life & bid thee feed By the stream & o'er the mead: Gave thee clothing of delight, Softest clothing, woolly, bright: Gave thee such a tender voice, Making all the vales rejoice: Little Lamb, who made thee, Dost thou know who made thee? Little Lamb, I'll tell thee, Little Lamb, I'll tell thee: He is called by thy name For he calls himself a Lamb. He is meek & he is mild, He became a little child: I a child & thou a lamb, We are called by his name: Little Lamb god bless thee, Little Lamb god bless thee! The Little Black Boy My mother bore me in the southern wild,

Carrie Chapter Four

(or only hopeful) that she wasn't that weak, not that liable to fall docilely into the complacent expectations of parents, friends, and even herself. But now there was this shower thing, where she had gone along and pitched in with high, savage glee. The word she was avoiding was expressed To Conform, in the infinitive, and it conjured up miserable images of hair in rollers, long afternoons in front of the ironing board in front of the soap operas while hubby was off busting heavies in an anonymous Office; of joining the P.T.A. and then the country club when their income moved into five figures; of pills in circular yellow cases without number to insure against having to move out of the misses' size before it became absolutely necessary and against the intrusion of repulsive little strangers who shat in their pants and screamed for help at two in the morning; of fighting with desperate decorum to keep the niggers out of Kleen Korners, standing shoulder to shoulder with Terri Smith (Miss Potato Blossom of 1975) and Vicki Jones (Vice President of The Women's League), armed with signs and petitions and sweet, slightly desperate smiles. Carrie, it was the goddamned Carrie, this was her fault. Perhaps before today she had heard distant, circling footfalls around their lighted place, but tonight, hearing her own sordid, crummy story, she saw the actual silhouettes of all these things, and yellow eyes that glowed like flashlights in the dark. She had already bought her prom gown. It was blue. It was beautiful. ‘You're right,' he said when she was done. ‘Bad news. Doesn't sound a bit like you.' His face was grave and she felt a cool slice of terror. Then he smiled-he had a very jolly smile-and the darknesss retreated a bit. ‘I kicked a kid in the slats once when he was knocked out. Did I ever tell you about that?' She shook her head. ‘Yeah.' He rubbed his nose reminiscently and his cheek gave a small tic, the way it had when he made his confession about getting the rubber wrong the first time. ‘The kid's name was Danny Patrick. He beat the living shit out of me once when we were in the sixth grade. I hated him, but I was scared, too. I was laying for him. You know how that is?' She didn't, but nodded anyway. ‘Anyway, he finally picked on the wrong kid a year or so later. Pete Taber. He was just a little guy, but he had lots of muscles. Danny got on him about something. I don't know, marbles or something, and finally Peter just rose up righteous and beat the shit out of him. That was on the playground of the old Kennedy Junior High. Danny fell down and hit his head and went out cold. Everybody ran. We thought he might be dead. I ran away too, but first I gave him a good kick in the ribs. Felt really bad about it afterwards. You going to apologize to her?' It caught Sue flat-footed and all she could was clinch weakly: ‘Did you?' ‘Huh? Hell no! I had better things to do than spend my time in traction. But there's a big difference, Susie.' ‘There is?' ‘It's not seventh grade any more. And I had some kind of reason, even if it was a piss-poor reason. What did that sad, silly bitch ever do to you?' She didn't answer because she couldn't. She had never passed more than a hundred words with Carrie in her whole life, and three dozen or so had come today. Phys. Ed. was the only class they'd had in common since they had graduated from Chamberlain Junior High. Carrie was taking the commercial/business course. Sue, of course, was in the college division. She thought herself suddenly loathsome. She found she could not bear that and so she twisted it at him. ‘When did you start making all these big moral decisions? After you started fucking me?' She saw the good humour fade from his face and was sorry. ‘Guess I should have kept quiet,' he said, and pulled up his pants. ‘It's not you, it's me.' She put a hand on his arm. ‘I'm ashamed, see?' ‘I know,' he said. ‘But I shouldn't be giving advice. I'm not very good at it.' ‘Tommy, do you ever hate being so †¦ well, popular?' ‘Me?' The question wrote surprise on his face. ‘Do you mean like football and class president and that stuff?' ‘Yes.' ‘No. Ifs not very important. High school isn't a very important place. When you're going you think it's a big deal, but when it's over nobody really think. it was great unless they're beered up. That's how my brother and his buddies are, anyway.' It did not soothe her; it made her fears worse. Little Susie mix ‘n match from Ewen High School, Head Cupcake of the entire Cupcake Brigade. Prom gown kept forever in the closet, wrapped in protective plastic. The night pressed dark against the slightly steamed car windows. ‘I'll probably end up working at my dad's car lot,' he said. ‘I'll spend my Friday and Saturday nights down at Uncle Billy's or out at The Cavalier drinking beer and talking about the Saturday afternoon I got that fat pitch from Saunders and we upset Dorchester. Get married to some nagging broad and always own last years model, vote Democrat-‘ ‘Don't,' she said, her mouth suddenly full of a dark, sweet horror. She pulled him to her. ‘Love me. My head is so bad tonight. Love me. Love me.' So he loved her and this time it was different, this time there finally seemed to be room and there was no rubbing but a delicious friction that went up and up: Twice he had to stop, panting, and held himself back, and then he went (he was a virgin before me and admitted it I would have believed a lie) and went hard and her breath came in short, digging gasps and then she began to yell and hold at his back, helpless to stop, sweating, the bad taste washed away, every cell seeming to have its own climax, body filled with sunlight, musical notes in her mind, butterflies behind her skull in the cage of her mind. Later, on the way home, he asked her formally if she would go to the Spring Ball with him. She said she would. He asked her if she had decided what to do about Carrie. She said she hadn't. He said that it made no difference. but she thought that it did. It had begun to seem that it meant all the difference. From Telekinesis: Analysis and Aftermath (Science Yearbook 1982), by Dean K. L. McGuffin: There are, of course, still these scientists today – regretfully, the Duke University people are in their forefront – who reject the terrific underlying implications of the Carrie White affair. Like the Flatlands Society, the Rosicrucians, or the Corlies of Arizona, who are positive that the atomic bomb does not work, these unfortunates are flying in the face of logic with their heads in the sand, and beg your pardon for the mixed metaphor. Of course one is able to understand the consternation, the raised voices, the angry letters and arguments at scientific convocations. The idea of telekinesis itself has been a bitter pill for the scientific community to swallow, with its horror-movie trappings of ouija boards and mediums and table rappings and floating coronets; but understanding will still not excuse scientific irresponsibility. The outcome of the White affair raises grave and difficult questions. An earthquake has struck our order notions of the way the natural world is supposed to act and react. Can you blame even such a renowned physicist as Gerald Luponet for claiming the whole thing is a hoax and a fraud, even in the face of such overwhelming evidence as the White Commission presented? For if Carrie White is the truth, then what of Newton? †¦ They sat in the living room, Carrie and Momma, listening to Tennessee Ernie Ford singing ‘Let the Lower Lights Be Burning' on a Webcor phonograph (which Momma called the victrola, or, if in a particularly good mood, the vic). Carrie sat at the sewing machine, pumping with her feet as she sewed the sleeves on a new dress. Momma sat beneath the plaster crucifix, tatting doilies and bumping her feet in time to the song, which was one of her favourites. Mr P. P. Bliss, who had written this hymn and others seemingly without number, was one of Momma's shining examples of God at work upon the face of the earth. He had been a sailor and a sinner (two terms that were synonymous in Momma's lexicon), a great blasphemer, a laugher in the face of the Almighty. Then a great storm had come up at sea, the boat had threatened to capsize, and Mr P. P. Bliss had gotten down on his sinsickly knees with a vision of Hell yawning beneath the ocean floor to receive him, and he had prayed to God. Mr P. P. Bliss promised God that if He saved him, he would dedicate the rest of his life to Him. The storm, of course, had cleared immediately. Brightly beams our Father's mercy From his lighthouse evermore, But to us he gives the keeping Of the lights along the shore †¦ All of Mr P. P. Bliss's hymns had a seagoing flavour to them. The dress she was sewing was actually quite pretty, a dark wine colour-the closest Momma would allow her to red-and the sleeves were puffed. She tried to keep her mind strictly on her sewing, but of course it wandered. The overhead fight was strong and harsh and yellow, the small dusty plush sofa was of course deserted (Carrie had never had a boy in To Sit), and on the far wall was a twin shadow: the crucified Jesus, and beneath Him, Momma. The school had called Momma at the laundry and she had come home at noon. Carrie had watched her come up the walk, and her belly trembled. Momma was a very big woman, and she always wore a hat. Lately her legs had begun to swell, and her feet always seemed on the point of overflowing her shoes. She wore a black cloth coat with a black fur collar. Her eyes were blue and magnified behind rimless bifocals. She always carried a large black satchel purse and in it was her change purse, her billfold (both black), a large King James Bible (also black) with her name stamped on the front in gold, and a stack of tracts secured with a rubber band. The Tracts were usually orange, and smearily printed. Carrie knew vaguely that Momma and Daddy Ralph had been Baptists once but had left the church when they became convinced that the Baptists were doing the work of the Antichrist. Since that time, all worship had taken place at home. Momma held worship on Sundays, Tuesdays, and Fridays. These were called Holy Days. Momma was the minister, Carrie the congregation. Services lasted from two to three hours. Momma had opened the door and walked stolidly in. She and Carrie had stared at each other down the short length of the front hall for a moment, like gunfighters before a shootout. It was one of those brief moments that seem (fear could it really have been fear in momma's eyes) much longer in retrospect. Momma closed the door behind her. ‘You're a woman,' she said softly. Carrie felt her face twisting and crumpling and could not help it. ‘Why didn't you tell me?' she cried. ‘Oh Momma, I was so scared! And the girls all made fun and threw things and-‘ Momma had been walking towards her, a now her hand flashed with sudden limber speed, a hard hand, laundry-calloused and muscled. It struck her backhand across the jaw and Carrie fell down in the doorway between the hall and the living room, weeping loudly. ‘And God made Eve from the rib Of Adam,' Momma said. Her eyes were very large in the rimless glasses; they looked like poached eggs. She thumped Carrie with the side of her foot and Carrie screamed. ‘Get up, woman. Let's get in and pray. Let's pray to Jesus for our womanweak, wicked, sinning souls.' ‘Momma' The sobs were too strong to allow more. The latent hysterics had come out grinning and gibbering. She could not stand up. She could only crawl into the living room with her hair hanging in her face, braying huge hoarse sobs. Every now and again Momma would swing her foot. So they progressed across the living room toward the place of the altar, which had once been a small bedroom. ‘And Eve was weak and – say it, woman. Say it-‘ ‘No, Momma, please help me-‘ The foot swung. Carrie screamed. ‘And Eve was weak and loosed the raven on the world,' Momma continued, ‘and the raven was called Sin, and the first Sin was Intercourse. And the Lord visited Eve with a Curse, and the Curse was the Curse of Blood. And Adam and Eve were driven out of the Garden and into the World and Eve found that her belly had grown big with child.' The foot swung and connected with Carrie's rump. Her nose scraped the wood floor. They were entering the place of the altar. There was a cross on a table covered with an embroidered silk cloth. On either side of the cross there were white candles. Behind this were several paint-by-the-numbers of Jesus and His apostles. And to the right was the worst place of all, the home of terror, the cave where all hope, all resistance to God's will – and Momma's – was extinguished. The closet door leered open. Inside, below a hideous blue bulb that was always lit, was Derrault's conception of Jonathan Edwards' famous sermon. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. ‘And there was a second Curse, and this was the Curse of Childbearing, and Eve brought forth Cain in sweat and blood.' Now Momma dragged her, half-standing and half-crawling, down to the altar, where they both fell on their knees. Momma gripped Carrie's wrist tightly. ‘And following Cain, Eve gave birth to Abel, having not yet repented of the Sin of Intercourse. And so the Lord visited Eve with a third Curse, and this was the Curse of Murder. Cain rose up and slew Abel with a rock. And still Eve did not repent, nor all the daughters of Eve, and upon Eve did the Crafty Serpent found a kingdom of whoredom and pestilences.' ‘Momma!' she shrieked. ‘Momma, please listen! It wasn't my fault!' ‘Bow your head,' Momma said. ‘Let's us pray.' ‘You should have told me!' Momma brought her hand down on the back of Carrie's neck, and behind it was all the heavy muscle developed by eleven years of slinging heavy laundry bags and trucking piles of wet sheets. Carrie's eye-bulging face jerked forward and her forehead smacked the altar, leaving a mark and making the candles tremble. ‘Let's us pray,' Momma said softly, implacably. Weeping and snuffling, Carrie bowed her head. A runner of snot hung pendulously from her nose and she wiped it away. (if i had a nickel for every time she made me cry here) with the back of her hand. Lord,' Momma declaimed hugely, her head thrown back, ‘help this sinning woman beside me here see the sin of her days and ways. Show her that if she had remained sinless the Curse of Blood never would have come on her. She may have committed the Sin of Lustful Thoughts. She may have been listening to rock ‘n roll music on the radio. She may have been tempted by the Antichrist. Show her that this is Your kind, vengeful hand at work and-‘ ‘No! Let me go!' She tried to struggle to her feet and Momma's hand, as strong and pitiless as an iron manacle, forced her back to her knees. ‘-and Your sign that she must walk the straight and narrow from here on out if she is to avoid the flaming agonies of the Eternal Pit. Amen.' She turned her glittering, magnified eyes upon her daughter. ‘Go to your closet now.' ‘No!' She felt her breath go thick with terror. ‘Go to your closet. Pray in secret. Ask forgiveness for your sins.' ‘I didn't sin, Momma. You sinned. You didn't tell me and they laughed.' Again she seemed to see a flash of fear in Momma's eyes, gone as quickly and soundlessly as summer lightning. Momma began to force Carrie toward the blue glare of the closet. ‘Pray to God and your sins may be washed away.' ‘Momma, you let me go.' ‘Pray, woman.' ‘I'll make the stones come again, Momma.' Momma halted. Even her breath seemed to stop in her throat for a moment. And then the hand tightened on her neck, tightened, until Carrie saw red, lurid dots in front of her eyes and felt her brain go fuzzy and far-off. Momma's magnified eyes swam in front of her. ‘You spawn of the devil,' she whispered. ‘Why was I so cursed?' Carrie's whirling mind strove to find something huge enough to express her agony, shame, terror, hate, fear. It seemed her whole life had narrowed to this miserable, beaten point of rebellion. Her eyes bulged crazily, her mouth, filled with spit, opened wide. ‘YOU SUCK!' she screamed. Momma hissed like a burned cat. ‘Sin!' she cried. ‘O, Sin! She began to beat Carrie's back, her neck, her head. Carrie was driven, reeling, into the close blue glare of the closet. ‘YOU FUCK!' Carrie screamed. (there there o there it's out how else do you think she got you o god o good) She was whirled into the closet headfirst and she struck the far wall and fell on the floor in a semidaze. The door slammed and the key turned. She was alone with Momma's angry God. The blue light glared on a picture, of a huge and bearded Yahweh who was casting screaming multitudes of humans down through cloudy depths into an abyss of fire. Below them, black horrid figures struggled through the flames of perdition while The Black Man sat on a huge flame-coloured throne with a trident in one hand. His body was that of a man, but he had a spiked tail and the head of a jackal.